Muscle
Testing -- Part Three by Dr.
John Ankerberg and Dr. John Weldon
(from the Encyclopedia of New Age Beliefs,
Harvest House, 1996)
CHIROPRACTIC INFLUENCE
Chiropractic can be safe and effective for a number of
muscular and related conditions when used responsibly by adequately
trained chiropractors. Unfortunately, there is another side to
chiropractic, as we documented in Can You TrustYour
Doctor?. Not unexpectedly, the chiropractic profession is almost
single-handedly responsible for the introduction and promotion of
muscle testing in America. John Thie, the developer of "Touch
for Health," states that "most of these [Touch for Health]
methods and techniques have been exclusively the province of the
chiropractic profession." A text on applied kinesiology
confesses, "Most applied kinesiologists are
chiropractors."
Muscle testing was developed by chiropractors and is often
taught at chiropractic schools. We have mentioned that George
Goodheart was the chiropractor who may have used psychic methods to
develop his system of applied kinesiology, that New Age chiropractor
John Thie popularized it (with Goodheart’s help), and that John
Diamond, an understudy of Goodheart, took applied kinesiology and
extended its principles into his strange system of behavioral
kinesiology.
It is important to understand the logical connection
between chiropractic, the potential for dabbling in the psychic
world, and muscle testing. Classic chiropractic theory easily lends
itself to the acceptance of a psychic realm as related to health.
(We documented this in Can You Trust Your Doctor?.) That
Goodheart might have used psychic means to develop his system of
applied kinesiology would not be surprising. Furthermore, although
elements of the chiropractic profession are scientifically oriented
and practiced responsibly, chiropractic itself often rejects the
safeguards of the scientific method; historically, it has opposed
medical science and rejected any findings disproving its theories.
Chiropractic, for example, was founded upon a false theory of
subluxations being the cause of all disease, and its early concept
of the "Innate" is difficult to distinguish from psychic
energy in general.
Thus, the two characteristics that have strongly
influenced chiropractic historically—the rejection of medical
science and an openness to the psychic—help explain the
unscientific and New Age orientation of much modern chiropractic
practice. It is hardly surprising, then, that chiropractic would be
the principal agent for advancing the practice of an unscientific
and/or psychically based system of muscle testing in the United
States.
The ease with which chiropractic and New Age muscle
testing are blended can be seen in the many books advocating a union
of the two, such as the Valentines’ Applied Kinesiology,
chiropractor David S. Walther’s Applied Kinesiology: The
Advanced Approach in Chiropractic (Pueblo, CO: privately
published, 1976), and Chiropractor Fred Stoner’s The Eclectic
Approach to Chiropractic (Las Vegas: privately published, 1976).
Walthers is author of the "definitive textbook" on AK, Basic
Procedures and Muscle Testing:
Goodheart’s original research is now being expanded, and more
investigations are being carried out by many of his fellow
chiropractors, hundreds of whom are finding applied kinesiology of
inestimable value in their practices as a diagnostic aid. It is a
fast and reliable way to discern where structural imbalances lie,
to access dietary deficiencies and allergies, to detect organ
dysfunctions, and even determine the extent to which psychological
factors are involved.*
OCCULT POTENTIAL
Each of these systems variously accepts the occult idea of
a mystical "life energy" flowing through the body.
Although promoters may attempt to explain it scientifically, they
accept the unproven premise of ancient Chinese Taoism and of much
occultism, which teaches that psychic or mystical energy (chi,
prana, mana, and so on) flows along energy pathways in the body
called meridians.
As a result, applied kinesiology, "Touch for
Health," and behavioral kinesiology are based upon an unfounded
and unscientific concept, involving the same mystical life energies
promoted in the occult and Eastern religion. Because these methods
claim to manipulate invisible energies, some of the practices
employed are indistinguishable from those used by psychic and
spiritistic healers. This is why muscle testing may introduce people
to psychic or spiritistic practices under another name, or influence
them to seek out practitioners of these other forms of so-called
"natural healing."
We believe that any system which claims to regulate or
manipulate "invisible energies" is, at least potentially,
an introduction to occult energies and should be avoided. Since
these methods are not based upon the findings of scientific
medicine, they are unscientific, whether or not they introduce
someone to the occult.
In New Age Medicine, Reisser, Reisser, and Weldon
discuss why AK, BK, TH, and related methods should not be accepted
uncritically, and why they should be avoided:
We strongly urge that patients avoid any therapists who claim
to be manipulating invisible energies (Ch’i, life energy or
whatever), whether using needles, touch, hand passes, arm-pulling
or any other maneuver.
Why do we take such a hard-nosed stand? For two reasons. First,
we have seen how the invoking of life energy, especially in the
spin-offs from applied kinesiology, throws critical thinking to
the wind. Therapists who use such techniques have strayed far from
the mainstream of objective knowledge about the human body. Their
"science" is based on conjecture, subjective
impressions, unreliable data and, most importantly, the precepts
of Taoism. They stand separate from the scientific community. You
will never see muscle testing written up in Scientific American
or recognized by the National Institutes of Health. We
challenge anyone who is involved in this therapy to take a hard
look at its origins, its underlying assumptions, and its
supporting evidence (or lack thereof).
Our look at Jin Shin Do provided an example of our second
objection: the general orientation of the literature which
promotes the doctrines of Ch’i and meridians. The overwhelming
majority of authors express a distinct spiritual perspective which
is some variation on Eastern mysticism or the New Consciousness.
We have seen no exceptions to date. John Thie, originator of Touch
for Health, proclaims in Science of Mind magazine that
"we are all one with the universe." lona Teeguarden and
her spirit guide tell us how Jin Shin Do can open our psychic
centers to experience the universal flow which is love and magic.
Hiroshi Motoyama, a Japanese physician, acupuncturist, and psychic
researcher, is actively seeking to unify ancient Chinese medicine,
East Indian kundalini yoga, and virtually all other psychic or
mystical experiences into a single "science of
consciousness." Psychic healer and medium Rosalyn Lee Bruyere,
mentioned previously, claims to "see" auras, chakras,
and meridians, and manipulates the latter two in her practice.
Under the direction of two spirit guides who instruct her
regularly, she teaches a blend of psychic healing, spiritism,
reincarnation, and Eastern mysticism. The pattern is unmistakable.
There is no neutral "science" of life energy and
meridians, but rather a highly developed mystical system with
strong ties to the psychic realm.
What does all this mean? It means that energy therapists,
whether they realize it or not, are carrying out a form of
religious practice and conditioning their patients to accept its
teachings. Indeed, some therapists enter a trancelike state in
order to become a channel to direct Ch’i (or whatever they
choose to call life energy) into the patient. The idea of the
healer’s injecting invisible energy into another person may seem
innocuous to most (and silly to some), but the results may be
anything but trivial. Brooks Alexander, co-director of the
Spiritual Counterfeits Project, warns:
It is not difficult to see that... psychic manipulation could
turn an otherwise benign form of treatment into a spiritual booby
trap. The nature of the doctor-patient relationship implicitly
involves a kind of trust in and submission to the healer on many
levels. For a Christian to accept the passive stance of
"patient" before a practitioner who exercises spiritual
power (either in his own right or as a channel for other
influences) could easily result in spiritual derangement or
bondage.
We find it particularly unsettling to see members of the
Christian community having their energies balanced by
chiropractors and other therapists who claim a Christian
commitment and who feel that they are not involved in any
questionable practices. These practitioners may claim that Ch’i,
yin and yang, and meridians are neutral components of God’s
creation (similar to electricity and radio waves), available for
anyone to use; but they ignore the roots of these ideas.
The products of natural science—the technologies of
electronics, biochemistry and so on—can be validated by
controlled experiments whose results are not tied to the religious
beliefs of the researcher. But the "technology" of life
energy is totally defined by the belief system of its promoters:
the mystics, the psychics and the leaders of the New
Consciousness.
Christian energy balancers present us with a paradox. They
claim reliance on Scripture, but they carry out the practices of
an occult system. Most are sincere in their desire to help their
patients. Unfortunately, they lack discernment, failing to see the
implication of the ideas they promote. Some are even dabbling in
the psychic realm, diagnosing disease through hand passes or over
long distances, claiming that this is a natural by-product of
their sensitivity to life energy.
To these therapists we offer a challenge and a warning. Take a
long look at the world of Chinese medicine and then decide whether
you belong there. Do you feel comfortable as a part of the New
Consciousness movement, promoting Taoist philosophy, supporting a
system whose basic message is that "all is one," and
helping usher in the New Age of miracles and magic? If not, then
it is time to stop participating in therapies which lend credence
and support to a world view which is antagonistic to the most
basic teachings of Scripture.*
In conclusion, muscle-testing practices are scientifically
unestablished or discredited and potentially occult. Therefore, they
are not true healing methods. And due to their reliance on
"mystical energies," they are vehicles for introducing
ancient pagan concepts or irrational approaches to medicine into
modern health care.
*Documentation for all quotations in this series may be found in
the Encyclopedia of New Age Beliefs.
DR. JOHN ANKERBERG'S RESPONSE TO CREATION QUESTIONS
Dr. John Ankerberg answers your
questions on creation in the following article available both as
a downloadable PDF and broken down into individual questions for
online reading. Click the link below to read: